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What Is Down Syndrome?Down syndrome is a chromosomal condition related to chromosome 21. It affects 1 in 800 to 1 in 1000 live born infants. People who have Down syndrome have learning difficulties, mental retardation, a characteristic facial appearance, and poor muscle tone (hypotonia) in infancy. Individuals with Down syndrome also have an increased risk for having heart defects, digestive problems such as gastroesophageal reflux or celiac disease, and hearing loss. Some people who have Down syndrome have low activity of the thyroid gland (hypothyroidism) - an organ in the lower neck that produces hormones. Health Related Websites
The National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases
National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases
National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases
National Institute on Drug Abuse
National Institute of Mental Health
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